反倾销税为什么必须在报价阶段就检查？欧盟最新贸易救济案例给采购团队的提醒
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跨境采购比价应该比较“落地成本”，而不是只比较供应商EXW或FOB单价。
2026年8月，欧盟对来自韩国和墨西哥的对苯二甲酸进口实施最终反倾销税：韩国相关进口税率为6.1%至13.3%，墨西哥为24.1%。
这类案例说明，采购团队如果只看供应商报价，很容易低估实际进口成本。
为什么反倾销要在RFQ阶段检查？
假设三家供应商报价：
- A：100美元；
- B：96美元；
- C：92美元。
表面上C最便宜。
但如果C所在原产地或特定企业适用额外贸易救济税，最终成本可能超过A。
因此采购团队应该比较：
Product Price + Freight + Duty + Anti-dumping/Countervailing Measures + Other Import Costs
RFQ阶段需要确认哪些信息？
| 信息 | 为什么重要 |
|---|---|
| HS/CN参考 | 判断是否可能落入措施范围 |
| Country of Origin | 贸易救济通常与原产地相关 |
| Manufacturer | 部分税率可能与具体企业相关 |
| Exporter | 出口主体与适用措施可能有关 |
| Product Scope | 相似产品不一定都被措施覆盖 |
| Incoterms | 决定哪些费用已经包含在报价 |
海外买家应该建立什么动作？
第一步：先筛查产品
高风险品类、金属、化工、纺织及历史上频繁发生贸易救济调查的产品，更值得提前检查。
第二步：确认原产地
“从哪个国家发货”和“原产地是哪里”不是同一个概念。
第三步：核对具体措施
确认：
- 措施是否仍然有效；
- 产品是否在范围内；
- 税率多少；
- 是否存在企业特定税率。
第四步：重新计算落地成本
再决定哪个供应商真正更有竞争力。
为什么这也影响第二来源策略？
如果采购过度依赖单一原产地，一旦出现贸易救济调查，采购成本可能短时间内变化。
因此，对于战略品类，可以提前保留不同原产地的备选供应商。
贸易救济不是物流部门收到税单以后才处理的问题，而是采购策略的一部分。
适用边界
是否适用反倾销税，需要结合具体产品描述、海关分类、原产地、企业和法规文本判断。
本文不替代正式关税和法律意见。
FAQ
从第三国转运可以避开反倾销税吗？
不能简单这样做。原产地规则、反规避调查和海关要求需要严格遵守。
供应商说“不适用”就可以吗？
不建议只依赖供应商口头判断，应由进口方结合官方措施核查。
哪些订单最需要提前查？
金额大、长期采购、利润率低或贸易救济风险较高的品类。
Cross-border procurement should compare landed costs, not only suppliers' EXW or FOB unit prices.
In August 2026, the EU imposed definitive anti-dumping duties on imports of terephthalic acid from South Korea and Mexico. Rates for imports from South Korea range from 6.1% to 13.3%, while the rate for Mexico is 24.1%.
Cases like this show that procurement teams can seriously underestimate actual import costs if they compare supplier quotations alone.
Why should anti-dumping measures be checked during the RFQ stage?
Assume three suppliers quote:
- Supplier A: USD 100;
- Supplier B: USD 96;
- Supplier C: USD 92.
Supplier C appears to be the cheapest. But if the product's origin or the specific producer is subject to an additional trade-defence duty, its final cost may be higher than Supplier A's.
Procurement teams should therefore compare:
Product Price + Freight + Duty + Anti-dumping/Countervailing Measures + Other Import Costs
Which information should be confirmed during the RFQ stage?
| Information | Why it matters |
|---|---|
| HS/CN reference | Helps determine whether the product may fall within the scope of a measure |
| Country of Origin | Trade-defence measures are often tied to origin |
| Manufacturer | Some rates may apply to a specific producer |
| Exporter | The exporting entity may affect the applicable measure |
| Product Scope | Similar products are not always all covered |
| Incoterms | Shows which costs are already included in the quotation |
What process should overseas buyers establish?
Step 1: Screen the product
High-risk categories, metals, chemicals, textiles, and products that have frequently faced trade-defence investigations deserve early checks.
Step 2: Confirm origin
The country of shipment and the product's origin are not the same thing.
Step 3: Check the specific measure
Confirm whether the measure is still in force, whether the product is within scope, the applicable rate, and whether a company-specific rate exists.
Step 4: Recalculate the landed cost
Only then can the buyer decide which supplier is truly more competitive.
Why does this also affect second-source strategy?
If procurement depends heavily on one origin, a trade-defence investigation can change costs quickly.
For strategic categories, buyers can maintain alternative suppliers from different origins in advance.
Trade remedies are not a problem that starts when the logistics team receives a tax bill. They are part of procurement strategy.
Scope and limits
Whether an anti-dumping duty applies depends on the exact product description, customs classification, origin, company, and legal text.
This article does not replace an official tariff review or legal advice.
FAQ
Can transshipment through a third country avoid anti-dumping duties?
No simple transshipment solution is lawful. Rules of origin, anti-circumvention investigations, and customs requirements must be followed.
Is a supplier's statement that the duty does not apply enough?
No. The importer should check the official measure instead of relying only on a supplier's verbal assessment.
Which orders need an early check most?
Large orders, long-term purchases, low-margin products, and categories with higher trade-defence risk.
International procurement should compare the final cost of lawful import and delivery.
If a procurement team does not check trade-defence risk during the quotation stage, a low supplier price may only be an apparent saving.
Recommendation for stellar.shop
stellar.shop can add fields such as Origin, HS Reference, Trade Remedy Check, and Alternative Origin to relevant industrial-product sourcing pages. These fields would help buyers identify possible landed-cost risks earlier in the inquiry process.